WDM Channel Plan
WDM channel wavelengths, frequency spacing, ITU-T grid type (CWDM or DWDM), total bandwidth, insertion loss and Gaussian-passband isolation from channel count and spacing.
Channel Plan
Results
Formulas
Δf = c·Δλ / λ²
BW_total = λ_max − λ_min (≈ (N − 1)·Δλ)
ISO = 10·log₁₀(e)·4 ln2·(Δλ/FWHM)² ≈ 12.04·(Δλ/FWHM)² dB
DWDM plans (G.694.1) are spaced equally in frequency, CWDM (G.694.2) in wavelength. Gaussian passbands are illustrative (thin-film filters are flat-topped with steeper skirts, Mach–Zehnder interleavers sin²). G.694.1 anchors channels at 193.1 THz + kΔν, so enter a grid frequency's wavelength as the centre for an on-grid plan.
Model and references
Illustrative. A simplified model that shows trends and orders of magnitude. Don't use its numbers for design. About the tiers
Channel plan on equal frequency steps for the G.694.1 DWDM spacings (Δν = cΔλ/λ² at the centre) and equal wavelength steps otherwise (G.694.2 CWDM). Gaussian passbands give the adjacent-channel isolation 12.04(Δλ/FWHM)² dB; real filters (flat-top thin film, sin² interleavers) differ. Not modelled: anchoring to 193.1 THz.
- ITU-T G.694.1. Spectral grids for WDM applications: DWDM frequency grid.
- ITU-T G.694.2. Spectral grids for WDM applications: CWDM wavelength grid (20 nm, 1271–1611 nm).